Oregon Educator Licensure Assessments (ORELA) Practice Exam

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Which element is NOT typically included in fictional works?

Plot
Conflict
Characterization
Abstract concepts

The correct answer is: Abstract concepts

Fictional works are generally constructed around key narrative elements that help to convey stories and engage the audience. The inclusion of plot, conflict, and characterization are fundamental to most narrative forms. Plot refers to the sequence of events that make up a story, providing structure and direction. Conflict is essential for driving the narrative forward, as it creates tension and challenges that characters must overcome. Characterization involves the development of characters, allowing readers to connect emotionally and understand their motivations and growth throughout the story. While abstract concepts can certainly appear in fictional works, they are not a required component like the others mentioned. Abstract concepts, such as themes or philosophical ideas, often underpin the narrative or add depth to the story, but they do not constitute a primary structural element. As a result, it's more accurate to say that abstract concepts are not typically essential to the core formation of fictional works, making them the correct choice for this question.